14 Principles of Management[14项管理原则]
(Henri法约尔)

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14项管理原则是什么？

法国古典管理理论学家Henri Fayol总结的14项管理原则为：

1. 工作分工（Division of Work）。 专业化允许个人积累经验，持续不断地提高技能， 从而更富有生产力。
2. 权威与责任（Authority and Responsibilities）。 发布命令的权力，必须与相应的责任相匹配。
3. 纪律（Discipline）。 员工必须遵守纪律，但这一点具有两面性： 只有当管理者自身具有高超的领导力、恪尽职守，员工才会遵守纪律。
4. 统一指挥（Unity of Command）。 每个员工都只能有一个上级，以确保他所执行的命令不会相互冲突。
5. 统一方向（Unity of Direction）。 在一项单独的行动计划中，每一名参与者的目标都必须相同。 这一点对于组织的团结和协调非常重要。 尽管统一的方向不一定产生统一的指挥，但是如果没有统一的方向，就决不可能有统一的指挥。
6. 个体利益服从整体利益（Subordination of Individual Interest to the General Interest）。 管理者必须意识到企业目标永远是至高无上的。
7. 人事报酬（Remuneration）。 尽管通过分析各种可能性，Fayol 指出没有一个完美的组织系统，他还是认为人事报酬是这个系统中的一个非常重要的促进因素。
8. 中心化或去中心化（Centralization or Decentralization）。 这里有一个度的问题，取决于企业的环境条件和人员条件。
9. 等级制度（Hierarchy/Line of Authority）。 为了方向统一，一定的层级是需要的。 但是横向联系也是组织沟通的基本方式。 层次链指的是从高层权威到基层人员的组织层级， 它不应该过长，不能包含过多层级。
10. 秩序（Order）。 对于组织管理来说，物质秩序和社会秩序都是必要的， 物质秩序使得损失和浪费最小化， 而社会秩序则来源于组织与选举。
11. 平等（Equity）。 对于企业经营者来说，必须做到“友好和公正”的完美组合， 善待员工对实现平等非常重要。
12. 人员任期稳定性（Stability of Tenure of Personnel）。 在工作职位稳定和职业前景看好的情况下，员工的工作绩效会更好。 人员的不当任用以及离职率过高对企业都会有负面影响。
13. 主动性（Initiative）。 通过一些适当的方式调动全体人员的主动性，是一个增强组织实力的有效方法。 这一点做得好，也许会让一些管理人员感到“空虚”。
14. Esprit de Corps（团队精神）。 管理人员必须不断鼓舞雇员士气。 Fayol建议： “真正优秀的团队需要协调努力、互相鼓励、调用每个人的聪明才智、，并不偏不倚地对每个人的优点给以回报”。

5 管理职能（法约尔）（Fayol）

作为“行政”活动的一部分，管理员——今天我们称之为经理——法约尔区分了五个功能：

1. 预见（Prevoyance）。 （预测与规划）。 审视未来，制定行动方案。 此为战略要素。
2. 组织（To organize）。 从物质和人员两个方面建设组织架构。
3. 命令（To command）。 维持人员间的活动。
4. 协调（To coordinate）。 统一并协调所有行为、活动。
5. 控制（To control）。 发生的任何行为活动必须于既定的制度、命令相适。

14项管理原则的起源。 历史

Henri Fayol（1841-1925）是法国古典管理理论学家，他的劳动力管理和组织理论在20世纪初期有着广泛的社会影响。 最初，Fayol是法国采矿公司Commenry-Fourchamboult-Decazeville采矿工程师。 随后走上管理岗位，1888年至1918年间，他担任公司的总经理。 在他任职总经理期间，他写了大量的管理文章，1916年，《Bulletin de la Société de l’ Industrie Minérale》发表了他的代表作《工业管理和一般管理》（Administration, Industrielle et Générale - Prévoyance, Organisation, Commandement, Coordination, Contrôle）。 该书的英文版直到1949年才问世，  翻译者是Constance 。

14项管理原则的运用。 应用

• 变革与组织。
• 决策。
• 技能培训。 管理效力提高。
• 有助于理解管理包含着一系列不同的活动，这些活动是可以罗列和分类的。

参考书： Henri Fayol - General and Industrial Management

论坛 关于以下内容的论坛讨论：14项管理原则。 🔥 每个人都需要学习这些管理原则 读大学的时候学过，感觉是很不错的理论。其实也是对人生的一种思考，跟哲学也是息息相关。14项原则就较好的解释了管理的一般规律。... 3   厄威克的十原则 与法约尔14原则相类似，厄威克的组织十原则也同样非常著名。根据林德尔·厄威克（Lyndall Urwick）的《组织理论笔记》（Notes on the Theory of Organization,1952�... 3   Are Fayol's 14 Management Principles Still Relevant Today? Despite being challenged by various scholars, these principles from Fayol are still relevant in many organisations in Tanzania, what we are doing is just refining those principles in order to suit our... 241   40条评论 What is Management? Art, Science, �? Management... Indeed is a great learning and makes many things easy in their own way. Decision-making, organizing, co-ordinating and work not least are the components which come together in management... 214   113条评论 What is Organisational Hierarchy? Describe the key management roles and discuss why some roles are considered to be more important or less important at different levels of the organisational hierarchy.... 162   2条评论 Management Requires Patience I think managers must be more patient than anybody else in the world, because when making a decision they don't just make a choice such as how cookers do in the kitchen.... 116   3条评论 Best Ever Developed on Management These principles are very efficient and they serve as the best principles ever developed for carrying out effective management activities.... 91   8条评论 The 10 Principles of Urwick Similar to Fayol's 14 principles although less well-known are the 10 Principles of Organisation by Lyndall Urwick. According to Urwick (Notes on the Theory of Organization, 1952), an organisation is b... 85   Managers versus Leaders Not all managers are good leaders and not all leaders are good managers. We need to develop both managers and leaders to realize the vision and mission of the company.... 64   119条评论 Risks in Fayol's 14 Principles of Management What and where are the risks in the 14 principles of management?... 64   6条评论 Evolution of Management The way management is evolving keeps managers on their feet. Everyday brings a new management method. As a result the way we manage today you'll be surprised will change by the year 2010.... 63   10条评论 Good and Bad Managers... Why don't all managers follow the principles of management? Still they become managers? Why? How?... 60   11条评论 POLICE Acronym in Management Can someone explain the terms P. O. L. I. C. E. in management?... 53   8条评论 Managers: Born or Made? I think that managers are mostly born. The persons who have inborn, natural managerial qualities are much better in their role as manager than other managers who have acquired the managerial qualities... 44   16条评论 Fayol's 5 Management Roles (Functions) Fayol mentioned 5 roles (also called functions, actions): 1. Prevoyance. 2. To organize. 3. To command. 4. To coordinate. 5. To control. Apart from these 5 managerial functions or roles in my vi... 39   6条评论 Add #15 Principle: Conformity to the Basic Origin Aristotle noticed that well-being everywhere depends on two things: a choice of the correct goal, and a choice of a correct way of its achievement. In other words, to do the right things in the right ... 37   5条评论 What is Prevoyance? Explanation Prevoyance is the function of management which says one must examine the future and draw a plan. How hard is it to forecast what needs to be done in the future? I need a bit of explanation on this, th... 32   7条评论 #14. Team Spirit / Esprit de Corps-principle (Fayol) Can someone please come with an further explanation/example how to explain this to students?... 28   19条评论 Is Management an Inexact Science? Social sciences are considered inexact. And indeed, the knowledge and study of management is quite an inexact science for many reasons: There is no laboratory for testing the principles of manage... 27   47条评论 Organizational Efficiency or Effectiveness? Which is more important for an organization: efficiency or effectiveness? Why?... 20   12条评论 Which of Fayol's 14 Principles is Most Important? Hi, I have just a simple question on Fayol: which of his 14 principles do you think is the most important one and why?... 20   5条评论 (Why) Do we Need Managers? Why do we need managers? They are a layer of cost and add no real value, so why do we have them? Most specialists left their field to be managers and usually hate it and perform at lower levels than i... 18   48条评论 Difference between Adminstration and Management Should't Fayol's principles be called the 14 principles of Administration? Why was 'administration' (in the French language) translated into English in 1949 as 'management'? What differences are there... 17   12条评论 #6. Subordination of Individual Interest-principle (Fayol) Who can give me example of Henri Fayol's 6th principle ie. Subordination of Individual Interest. Thanks..... 16   3条评论 #1: Division of Work/Labor-principle (Fayol) Let's discuss: What are the benefits of Fayol's "Division of Labor/Work"-principle (Fr: Division du Travail)? Henry Fayol argues that work should be divided among individuals and groups so that they ... 14   15条评论 #5. Unity of Direction-principle of Fayol I'm looking for some further explanation and examples of UNITY OF DIRECTION as the 5th principle of Fayol's Principles of management? The 12manage summary says: "People engaged in the same kind of act... 14   6条评论 #9. Hierarchy (Scalar Chain)-principle (Fayol) Had Fayol been alive today, he would have modified scalar structure as the hierarchy is different and structures are much more flat today. People are working in different countries on a single project... 13   2条评论 #4. Unity of Command-principle (Fayol) According to Fayol's 4th Principle, Unity of Command, I should receive instruction from one boss who is my immediate manager. However I have been instructed by other managers from other department to... 12   17条评论 Management Mantras What is the present management mantra practiced in your organisation? A paradigm shift in management may lead to innovations which may lead to new applications. Or are the old management theories sti... 11   12条评论 Exactly Where are the 14 Principles of Fayol Located? I am writing an essay which encompasses Fayol's theory and applying it to a modern business. I have a copy of General and Industrial Management to hand but I'm having difficulty to find a reference to... 11   4条评论 A Good Organization Run by Monkeys A good organization run by monkeys is still a zoo.... 11   4条评论 Are Fayol's Principles of Management also applicable to non-profit organizations? Fayol's principles of management were written having industrial (mining) firms in mind. Obviously these are for profit companies. Are the 14 principles also applicable to non-profit organizations? Wh... 10   11条评论 Books by Henri Fayol on Management Has he written any books? I can only find articles about his management style, but no books. Please help.... 9   2条评论 Using Fayol's Principles of Management as a Checklist How to check the Principles of Management? Maybe most of Fayol's 14 Principles of Management are still necessary for organizations today, but what if we find a few of them can not be used in some kind... 8   1条评论 开始一个新的论坛主题关于14项管理原则 免费注册

训练课程关于14项管理原则。 初级课程 进阶课程 专家课程

最佳实践 关于14项管理原则的最高评价的讨论主题。在这里你会找到最有价值的思路和切实可行的建议。 🥇 How to Remember the 14 Principles by Fayol? How to remember the 14 principles of management, if we find them difficult to remember?... 93   24条评论 🥈 Delegation: How to Delegate Effectively? WHAT IS DELEGATION? Fayol's 13nd principle ("Initiative") is related to the management role of delegator. Kreitner (2009) defines "delegation" as: the transfer of decision-making authority to subordi... 49   37条评论 🥉 Need for Employees' Welfare in the Principles It is obvious that in this 14 principles something is missing: the inclusion of "staff welfare". Because after all proper measures have been put in place, and the end-result is achieved, what becomes ... 48   5条评论 Difficulties to Apply 14 Principles of Henri Fayol What difficulties can a manager confront today if he/she tried to implement the principles of Fayol as they were originally stated?... 31   9条评论 Manager in Conflict with Top Management... Conflicts occur regularly in almost all organisations. Managers having a conflict with top management normally have to accept the decision and command of top management. But quite often, the lower/mi... 18   15条评论 Abuse of Delegation | Misuse of Delegating Delegation is a core part of leadership and management, according to what we have learnt from numerous management works. It is often described positively as an effectiveness method or management techn... 15   23条评论

专家提示 关于Principles of Management（英语）的高级见解。在这里，您将找到专家的专业建议。 咨询技巧 教学技巧 实际实施技巧 Fayol's 16 Management Duties of the Organisation Management Science 1. To aim at giving serious thoughts to activity plans and having them firmly executed. 2. To aim at having employed pe... Fayol's 6 Types of Operations Management Science Fayol wrote that any organisation can be subdivided into 6 types of operations. Each operation is fulfilled by its corre... Mintzberg: 7 Myths on Management Management Development, Leadership Development, Managers versus Leaders, MBA Prof. Henry Mintzberg refutes 7 myths on leadership and management: ORCHESTRA CONDUCTOR: One myth about management is t... Fayol's 5 Elements of Administrative Operations (~management) Management Science Fayol wrote any organisation can be subdivided into 6 types of Operations. The sixth one (=Administrative Operations; ~... Fayol's 7 Qualities of Managers Management Science The 7 qualities Fayol expected from managers were: 1. Health and vigour 2. Cleverness 3. Moral qualities 4. General ... Why and How the Functions of Managers Have Changed Modern Management, Management Functions, Management Roles Traditionally, the task of managers would be described or summarized as "getting the work done by others". Nowadays, the... Six Groups of Activities of Henri Fayol Management Science Frederick Taylor basically viewed managers as mere overseers with limited responsibility. Fayol viewed the role of manag... Powell's Support to Fayol's Ideas Management Science Fayol named one of the duties of organization "To set up a unique 'direction' (~top management), skilled and vigorous". ...

信息来源 有关14项管理原则的各种信息来源。在这里，您将找到Powerpoint，视频，新闻等可用于您自己的讲座和讲习班。 Visions on the Roles of Managers, Management Roles, Managerial Roles Management, Leadership, Reflection on What Management Fundamentally is, Workshops, Trainings This superb presentation outlines the roles and tasks that managers perform. The presentation includes views of importan... Scientific Management: Definitions, Theorists and Main Contributions Scientific Management, Taylor, Gannt, Gilbreth, Gulick, Weber, Fayol Presentation about Scientific Management that includes a description of the main theorists their contributions to the th... The Role of Supervisor | Skills of Supervisors Skills of a Supervisor, Supervisor Role, Supervisor Behavior This presentation elaborates on the skills that supervisors need in order to be successful in their business/organizatio... Fayol Principles of Management Principles of Management Short presentation by Saruchi Pandey.... Delegation versus Empowerment Delegation, Employee Empowerment, Situational Leadership, Management Employees want to feel that their work is important and that they contribute to the success of the company. As a manager... Theory of Bureaucracy (Weber) and the 14 Principles of Management (Fayol) Administration, Management, Early Administrative Management Theories, 5 Principles, Bureaucracy This presentation presents the 5 Principles of Weber�s Theory of Bureaucracy and Henri Fayol's 14 Principles of Manageme... Leading versus Managing Understanding the differences between Leading and managing Dr. John Kotter gives his opinion on what are the key differences between leading and managing. - Management is a set o... Original Source Document of the 14 Principles of Fayol Management History 'pur Sang' Scan of the section in Fayol's Original Work "Administration Industrielle et G�n�rale" that contains the "Principes et �... Principles of Management Principles and History of Management Presentation by WJ Patterson includes some generic thoughts, observations on management and contains some slides on mana... Young Steve Jobs on the Role of Managers Management, Leadership, Talent Management, Talent Acquisition, Talent Development This video is a nice start for any management course. Jobs shares some ideas on managers (in a high-tech environment) an... Mintzberg Presents 3 Views Towards Management and Decision-making Initial Understanding of Management and Decision Making, Trainings, Workshops Short presentation by Professor Henry Mintzberg on: A. Management as a Practice, in which he argues it is in the center... 10 Differences Between Managers and Leaders Management, Leadership, Development According to Scott Williams, people don't want to be managed, they want to be lead. The 10 simple, but important differ... Brief Overview of the Informal Organization Informal Organization Presentation that elaborates on the concept of informal organization. The presentation includes the following sections: ... Interpretation of the 14 Principles of Management: Comparison of Then and Now Principles of Management Paper by C.A. Rodrigues. This paper compares interpretation Fayol's fourteen Principles of Management today and in the p...

工具 有关 AABBCC 的有用工具14项管理原则。 新闻 视频 简报   书比人好 学术的 更多

比较： POSDCORB  |  Organization Chart[组织结构图]  |  Fourteen Points of Management[质量管理14要点] (Deming)  |  Ten Schools of Thought[战略思想十大流派]  |  Training Within Industry[业内训练]  |  Eight Attributes of Management Excellence[卓越管理的八个属性]  |  Centralization and Decentralization[中心化与去中心化]

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