Expectancy Theory (Теория ожиданий)
(Vroom)

Центр Знаний

Что такое Expectancy Theory (Теория ожиданий) ?

Expectancy Theory (Теория ожиданий) Victor Vroom имеет дело с мотивацией и управлением. Теория Vroom предполагает, что поведение является результатом сознательных выборов из альтернатив. Намерение выборов заключается в максимизации положительных явлений и минимизации негативных. Вместе с Edward Lawler и Lyman Porter, Vroom предложил, что взаимоотношение между поведением людей на работе и их целями не так просто как изначально предполагалось другими учеными. Vroom понимал, что производительность сотрудника основана на индивидуальных факторах таких как личность, навыки, знание, опыт и способности.

Теория ожиданий утверждает, что люди преследуют различные цели и могут быть мотивированы, если у них есть определенные ожидания.

Ожидания в Теории ожиданий

• Существует положительная корреляция между усилиями и эффективностью,
• Хороший уровень эффективности приведет к желательному вознаграждению,
• Вознаграждение удовлетворит важную потребность,
• Желание удовлетворить потребность достаточно сильно для того, чтобы сделать усилие стоящим.

Теория ожиданий Vroom основана на следующих 3 убеждениях.

Убеждения Теории ожиданий

1. Значимость (Valence). Относится к эмоциональной ориентации людей по отношению к результатам [вознаграждениям]. Ожидания сотрудника в отношении внешних [деньги, продвижение, свободное время, преимущества] или внутренних [удовлетворенность] вознаграждений. Менеджмент должен понять что ценят сотрудники.

2. Ожидания (Expectancy). Сотрудники имеют различные ожидания в отношении того, чем они занимаются. Менеджмент должен понять какие ресурсы, тренинги или виды контроля нужны сотрудникам.

3. Содействие (Instrumentality). Восприятие сотрудников в отношении того, получат ли они в действительности то, что желают. Менеджмент должен проследить, чтобы обещания выполнялись и чтобы сотрудники были осведомлены.

Vroom указывает на то, что убеждения сотрудника в отношении ожиданий, содействия и значимости (Expectancy, Instrumentality, and Valence) взаимодействуют психологически. Таким образом, они создают мотивационную силу. Эта сила может быть «высчитана» по формуле:

Формула Теории ожиданий

Мотивация = Значимость x Ожидания(Содействие).

Эту формулу можно использовать для того, чтобы показать и предсказать такие явления, как: удовлетворенность работой, выбор профессии, вероятность того, что сотрудник останется на рабочем месте, и старательность работника.

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Курсы об Теория ожиданий. Курс для начинающих Продвинутый курс Курс для экспертов

Лучшие Лрактики Темы для обсуждения с самым высоким рейтингом для обсуждения Теория ожиданий. Здесь вы найдете самые ценные идеи и практические предложения. 🥇 How can you Motivate Knowledge Workers? In the current 'knowledge era', the question what motivates knowledge workers, and, being a manager, how you should motivate and manage them is important. In their article "The Progress of Small Win... 62   37 комментария 🥈 What Motivates Employees? The Answer Depends (Partly) on their Generation The age of retirement has been moved to 60, 65, 70 years and beyond. Where each generation used to pass the baton; there is no baton being passed anymore. We can now find multiple generations (up to ... 50   50 комментария 🥉 All 3 Elements in Expectancy Theory are Mandatory Will your employee work hard for a raise? Of course management science is not mathematics. But a consequence that should not be overlooked of Vroom's formula M = V * E * I is that even if only one of... 44   3 комментария Why People Want to Become Leaders? Motivations to Lead Leadership roles in an organization are obviously pivotal to the successful and smooth functioning of the organization in terms of both tactical (day-to-day) issues and strategic (long-term) perspecti... 26   20 комментария Motivation in Non-Profit Organizations I'm having difficulties finding a theory to help me research motivation, and the importance of it, in a non-profit organization. Could someone please give me some advice for the best possible theory? ... 21   6 комментария Controlling the Minds of Employees I think there can be several way to achieve goals, however what's more important is to have control over the mind of the team members. And that's up to the managers how they carry their team.... 17   6 комментария Extended Version of the Expectancy Theory (Lambright) Lambright (2010) addresses an important weakness of the expectancy theory: it makes no distinction between certainty and uncertainty conditions. Indeed, the expectancy theory does not take into accoun... 15   Motivating an Employee by Valence According to Vroom, Valence refers to a preference for one outcome over another. It can be positive, neutral or negative. For example, if an employee strongly desires a promotion, and believes that a... 14   3 комментария Motivation is Owned by the Individual Motivation is a slippery slope. I believe Wlodkowski who says: one cannot directly motivate another since motivation is owned by the individual; it comes from within us. It's the same as telling one t... 6   5 комментария

Эксперт Советы Продвинутое понимание Expectancy Theory (Английский). Здесь вы найдете профессиональные советы экспертов. Советы консультантам Советы преподавателям Практические советы по внедрению 4 Steps to Motivate your Employees... Using Expectancy Theory in your Department / Group As a manager, you can motivate your employees applying Expectancy Theory. Take these 4 steps: 1. Find out what each ind... It's All About Perceptions! Implementing Expectancy Theory Note that what matters in expectancy theory are the perceptions of the person who is to be motivated, not the rea... Expectancy can be Unexpected! On Experts and Surprises Be careful with assuming what the expectancy of a person (employee) is going to be: Zakary Tormala did research on how ... Relationships in Expectancy Theory Understanding / Teaching Expectancy Theory The Expectancy theory focuses on three relationships: 1. Effort<>Performance relationship. The probability perceived b... The Effort -> Performance Relationship Coaching, mentoring As mentioned in the summary, one of the expectations of Vroom�s theory is the positive relationship between effort and p... Reasons Why People are Doing Voluntary Work Expectancy Theory, Corporate Social Responsibility, Stakeholder Perspective, Volunteers Voluntary work has long been seen as an activity performed mainly by unemployed individuals �mostly women, both in their... Family-Work Conflicts (FWC) and Daily Job Performance Family-work conflicts, Coaching, Mentoring, Job Performance FAMILY ROLES and WORK are two factors influencing each other: - Work can interfere with family roles; this is called a W... Differences in Organizational Commitment Between Paid Workers and Volunteers Organizational Commitment, Employee Motivation, Non-profit Organizations Paid and unpaid workers in hybrid organizations Although financial considerations are an important reason to work for a...

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Инструменты Полезные инструменты, касающиеся Теория ожиданий. Новости Видео Презентации   Книги Академический Более

Сравните с Expectancy Theory (Теория ожиданий) на мотивации с:  Hierarchy of Needs (Иерархия потребностей)  |  Servant-Leadership (Служащий-лидер)  |  Теория потребностей  |  Хоторнский эффект  |  Competing Values Framework (Концепция конкурирующих ценностей)  |  Attribution Theory (Теория атрибуции)  |  Framing (Фрейминг)  |  Two Factor Theory (Двухфакторная теория) Herzberg   |  Theory X Theory Y (Теория X Теория Y)  |  Managerial Grid (Таблица стилей руководства)  |  ERG Theory (Теория ERG)  |  Leadership Continuum (Континуум лидерства)  |  Path-Goal Theory (Теория соответствия целей и средств)  |  Leadership Styles (Стили лидерства)  |  Situational Leadership (Ситуативное лидерство)  |  EPIC ADVISERS (ЭПИЧЕСКИЕ СОВЕТНИКИ)  |  Coaching (Коучинг)  |  Mentoring (Менторинг)

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