Théorie des Attentes
(Vroom)

Centre de Connaissances

Qu'est-ce que Théorie des Attentes ?

La Théorie des Attentes (Expectancy Theory) de Victor Vroom traite de la motivation et du management. La théorie de Vroom suppose que le comportement est un résultat des choix conscients parmi des solutions de rechange. L'objectif des choix est de maximiser le plaisir et de réduire au minimum les souffrances. En même temps qu'Edouard Lawler et Lyman Porter, Vroom a suggéré que le rapport entre le comportement des personnes au travail et leurs buts n'était pas aussi simple qu'il l'avait été imaginé pour la première fois par d'autres scientifiques. Vroom a réalisé que la performance des employés est basée sur différents facteurs tels que la personnalité, les qualifications, les connaissances, l'expérience et les capacités.

La théorie des attentes indique que les individus ont différents ensembles de buts et peuvent être motivés s'ils ont certaines espérances.

Espérances de la Théorie des Attentes

• Il y a une corrélation positive entre les efforts et la performance,
• La performance favorable aura comme conséquence une récompense souhaitable,
• La récompense satisfera un besoin important,
• Le désir de satisfaire le besoin est assez fort pour rendre l'effort significatif.

La Théorie des Attentes de Vroom est basée sur les trois convictions suivantes.

Convictions de la Théorie des Attentes

1. Valence. Se rapporte aux orientations émotives que les personnes ont en ce qui concerne les résultats [récompenses]. La profondeur de la volonté d'un employé à obtenir des récompenses extrinsèques (argent, promotion, temps libre, avantages) ou intrinsèques (satisfaction]. Le Management doit découvrir ce que les employés apprécient.

2. Expectation. Les employés ont différentes espérances et niveaux de confiance au sujet de ce qu'ils sont capables de faire. Le management doit découvrir de quelle ressources, formation, ou supervision les employés ont besoin.

3. Instrumentalité. La perception des employés si ils recevront réellement ce qu'ils désirent, même si cela leur a été promis par un directeur. Le Management doit s'assurer que les promesses de récompenses sont tenues et que les employés s'en rendent bien compte.

Vroom suggère que les convictions des employés au sujet de l'expectation, de l'Instrumentalité, et de la Valence interagissent psychologiquement. De cette façon ils créent une force de motivation, telle que l'employé agira de manière à ce que cela lui apporte du plaisir et lui évite la souffrance. Cette force peut « être calculée » par l'intermédiaire d'une formule :

Formule de la Théorie des Attentes

Motivation = Valence x Expectation x (Instrumentalité).

Cette formule peut être employée pour indiquer et prédire des choses comme : satisfaction professionnelle, choix professionnel, la probabilité de rester dans un travail, et l'effort que quelqu'un devrait déployer au travail.

Forum Discussions du forum sur Théorie des Attentes. 🔥 Pourquoi le manager doit s'atteler à créer un cadre favorable à la créativité Je suis parfaitement d'avis avec ces 3 convictions développées par par vroom, mais plus encore avec celle de la valence; en tant que manager, il est bon et primordial de connaitre les motivations de c... 7   Misunderstandings About Motivation Motivating employees is found to be hard by many people. The reason for that could well be that motivation is misunderstood. So I would like to put across and discuss all misconceptions around motivat... 21   15 commentaires Is your Job Meaningful? Finding a purpose in your job is important for millennials and in fact for everybody. Nevertheless, many people have a job that they don't regard as meaningful. Therefore, they are not completely sat... 20   17 commentaires How to Deal with Demotivated Employees: Learned Helplessness It is easy to understand the principle of "Learned Helplessness" (LH) by imagining an elephant trainer who trains a baby elephant. The training commences by initially tying a baby elephant's leg to a ... 19   14 commentaires What Precisely is Expectancy? Definition According to Vroom, Expectancy is the 'momentary belief concerning the likelihood that a particular act will be followed by a particular outcome'. It can range from zero (belief that the outcome will... 15   2 commentaires Expectancy Theory versus Human Needs? There are many different ways to reach goals, but I believe that the NEEDS have more weight than the EXPECTANCY. So what about Maslow thinking of human behavior?... 13   6 commentaires Effort Leads to Performance, But Only to a Certain Extent This is true in most cases, the more you put in the more you get out. But there are times when this is not the case. If you put in all of your effort you do perform better, but it is hard to see how ... 12   What Precisely is Valence? Definition of Valence Hi, for me it's hard to understand "valence"? It's not in my English dictionary. Can you give me some help?... 8   2 commentaires Human Motivation Lies Within A human can never be motivated. You can just push a bit and show a way. A person always needs to be self-motivated to perform best and be successful. We as a company in HR spend a lot of effort on ... 8   4 commentaires Motivation Should be a Two-way Process I think the motivation process between the manager and the employees is exchangeable, i.e., bosses can and should motivate their subordinates in various ways, but at the same time the subordinates can... 6   1 commentaires Measuring Motivation:The PIAV Assessment When it comes to looking at the individual there is no substitute (personal bias here) for the Personal Interests, Attitudes and Values (PIAV) assessment. It is a validated tool (based on the work of... 6   Problems with Expectancy Theory. Disadvantages Two major issues with Expectancy Theory is that it breaks down if employees do not believe in their capability or in the reward. Other leadership, motivation skills and theories are needed first in s... 6   2 commentaires The Importance of the Goals in Motivating Workers I believe that success in motivating employees is well explained in McGregor's example in which, to the question: "What are you doing?", three stone masons working on a construction site answer differ... 5   1 commentaires Identify your Passion for Success In my opinion, success comes from loving what you do. Is your current work your passion? When you study highly successful people, you understand that they have at least one thing in common, they like... 5   2 commentaires Commencer un nouveau sujet sur Théorie des Attentes Inscrivez-vous gratuitement

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Meilleures Pratiques Les sujets les mieux notés sur Théorie des Attentes. Vous trouverez ici les idées les plus précieuses et des suggestions pratiques. 🥇 How can you Motivate Knowledge Workers? In the current 'knowledge era', the question what motivates knowledge workers, and, being a manager, how you should motivate and manage them is important. In their article "The Progress of Small Win... 62   37 commentaires 🥈 What Motivates Employees? The Answer Depends (Partly) on their Generation The age of retirement has been moved to 60, 65, 70 years and beyond. Where each generation used to pass the baton; there is no baton being passed anymore. We can now find multiple generations (up to ... 50   50 commentaires 🥉 All 3 Elements in Expectancy Theory are Mandatory Will your employee work hard for a raise? Of course management science is not mathematics. But a consequence that should not be overlooked of Vroom's formula M = V * E * I is that even if only one of... 44   3 commentaires Why People Want to Become Leaders? Motivations to Lead Leadership roles in an organization are obviously pivotal to the successful and smooth functioning of the organization in terms of both tactical (day-to-day) issues and strategic (long-term) perspecti... 26   20 commentaires Motivation in Non-Profit Organizations I'm having difficulties finding a theory to help me research motivation, and the importance of it, in a non-profit organization. Could someone please give me some advice for the best possible theory? ... 21   6 commentaires Controlling the Minds of Employees I think there can be several way to achieve goals, however what's more important is to have control over the mind of the team members. And that's up to the managers how they carry their team.... 17   6 commentaires Extended Version of the Expectancy Theory (Lambright) Lambright (2010) addresses an important weakness of the expectancy theory: it makes no distinction between certainty and uncertainty conditions. Indeed, the expectancy theory does not take into accoun... 15   Motivating an Employee by Valence According to Vroom, Valence refers to a preference for one outcome over another. It can be positive, neutral or negative. For example, if an employee strongly desires a promotion, and believes that a... 14   3 commentaires Motivation is Owned by the Individual Motivation is a slippery slope. I believe Wlodkowski who says: one cannot directly motivate another since motivation is owned by the individual; it comes from within us. It's the same as telling one t... 6   5 commentaires

Conseils d'Experts Idées avancées sur Expectancy Theory (Anglais). Vous trouverez ici des conseils professionnels d'experts. Conseils de Consultation Conseils Pédagogiques Conseils Pratiques de Mise en uvre 4 Steps to Motivate your Employees... Using Expectancy Theory in your Department / Group As a manager, you can motivate your employees applying Expectancy Theory. Take these 4 steps: 1. Find out what each ind... It's All About Perceptions! Implementing Expectancy Theory Note that what matters in expectancy theory are the perceptions of the person who is to be motivated, not the rea... Expectancy can be Unexpected! On Experts and Surprises Be careful with assuming what the expectancy of a person (employee) is going to be: Zakary Tormala did research on how ... Relationships in Expectancy Theory Understanding / Teaching Expectancy Theory The Expectancy theory focuses on three relationships: 1. Effort<>Performance relationship. The probability perceived b... The Effort -> Performance Relationship Coaching, mentoring As mentioned in the summary, one of the expectations of Vroom’s theory is the positive relationship between effort and p... Reasons Why People are Doing Voluntary Work Expectancy Theory, Corporate Social Responsibility, Stakeholder Perspective, Volunteers Voluntary work has long been seen as an activity performed mainly by unemployed individuals –mostly women, both in their... Family-Work Conflicts (FWC) and Daily Job Performance Family-work conflicts, Coaching, Mentoring, Job Performance FAMILY ROLES and WORK are two factors influencing each other: - Work can interfere with family roles; this is called a W... Differences in Organizational Commitment Between Paid Workers and Volunteers Organizational Commitment, Employee Motivation, Non-profit Organizations Paid and unpaid workers in hybrid organizations Although financial considerations are an important reason to work for a...

Sources d'Information Diverses sources d'informations sur Théorie des Attentes. Vous trouverez ici des powerpoints, des vidéos, des actualités, etc. à utiliser dans vos propres conférences et ateliers. Human Motivation Employee Motivation Comprehesive presentation on Human / Employee Motivation. Topics: 1. What is motivation? 2. How do needs motivate peo... Overview of Content and Process Motivation Theories Motivation, Needs, Incentives, Goal Setting, Behavior Overview presentation of the major content motivation theories (Hierarchy of Needs; Acquired Needs theory; Two-Factor Th... External and Internal Motivation Motivation Presentation about motivation, from a psychological perspective. The presentation includes the following sections: 1. P... Reasons and Secrets of Employee Retention Employee Retention, Attrition This presentation is about Employee Retention and includes the following sections: 1. Introduction 2. Reasons for Empl... Intrinsic Motivation versus Extrensic Motivation Initial Understanding of Motivator Types and Consequences How can I do a better job of motivating a team? Dan Pink and Dan Ariely make a distinction between extrinsic motivators... Attitude, Motivation and Persuasion Persuasion Theory, Managing Behavior This presentation by S.J. Grant is about attitudes, motivation and how affects persuasion. The following sections are in... Voluntary Activities of Employees | Employee Volunteerism Employee Motivation, Employee Volunteerism, Employee Commitment, Shared Value, CSR, Corporate Reputation Presentation about employee volunteerism, including the following sections: 1. What is employee volunteerism 2. Employ... Work-Family Conflicts and Work-Life Policies Performance Management, Work-Life Balance, HR, Programs This presentation is about Work-Family Conflicts and Employee Performance. The presentation includes the following secti... Introduction and Summary of the Expectancy Theory of Motivation Initial Understanding of the Expectancy Theory, Trainings, Workshops Inspiring explanation of Victor Vroom's Expectancy Theory using examples from the world of basketball and the meaning. E... Forecasting motivation Calculating motivation Some interesting formulas to calculate both negative and positive motivation.... Expectancy Theory Diagram Employee Motivation Download and edit this 12manage PowerPoint graphic for limited personal, educational and business use. Republishing in ... Performance Measurement, Expectancy and Agency Theory Performance Measurement Theoretical analyses of (optimal) performance measures are typically performed within the realm of the linear agency mod...

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Comparez la Théorie des Attentes sur la motivation avec :   Hiérarchie des Besoins  |  Leadership-Serviteur  |  Théorie des Besoins  |  Effet de Hawthorne  |  Cadre des Valeurs en Concurrence  |  Théorie d'Attribution  |  Cadrage  |  Théorie des Deux Facteurs Hertzberg   |  Théorie Y Théorie X  |  Grille Managériale  |  Théorie ERG  |  Continuum du Leadership  |  Théorie de Chemin-But  |  Styles de Leadership  |  Leadership Situationnel   |  Conseilleurs Epiques (EPIC ADVISERS)   |  Coaching  |  Mentoring

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