Verwachtingstheorie
(Vroom)

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Wat is de Expectancy Theory (Verwachtingsheorie)?

De Verwachtingstheorie van Victor Vroom gaat over motivatie en management. De theorie van Vroom veronderstelt dat het gedrag een resultaat is van bewuste keuzes uit alternatieven. Het doel van de keuzes is plezier te maximaliseren en pijn te minimaliseren. Samen met Edward Lawler en Lyman Porter, gesuggereerd werd Vroom dat de relatie tussen het gedrag van mensen op het werk en hun doelstellingen niet zo eenvoudig zoals was eerst verondersteld door andere wetenschappers. Vroom realiseerde zich dat de prestatie van een werknemer op individuele factoren is gebaseerd, zoals persoonlijkheid, vaardigheden, kennis, ervaring en bekwaamheden.

De verwachtingstheorie zegt dat individuen verschillende verzamelingen van doelstellingen hebben, en dat zij kunnen worden gemotiveerd als zij bepaalde verwachtingen hebben.

Verwachtingen in de Expectancy Theory

• Er is een positieve correlatie tussen inspanningen en prestatie,
• Een gunstige prestatie zal resulteren in een wenselijke beloning,
• De beloning zal een belangrijke behoefte tevredenstellen,
• De wens om de behoefte tevreden te stellen is sterk genoeg om de inspanning de moeite waard te maken.

De Verwachtingstheorie van Vroom is gebaseerd op de volgende drie overtuigingen.

De overtuigingen van de Expectancy Theory

1. Valentie. Verwijst naar de emotionele oriëntaties welke mensen erop na houden met betrekking tot resultaten [beloningen]. De diepte van de behoefte van een werknemer aan extrinsieke beloningen [geld, promotie, vrije tijd, voordelen] of intrinsieke beloningen[tevredenheid]. Het management moet ontdekken wat werknemers waarderen.

2. Verwachting. Werknemers hebben verschillende verwachtingen van waartoe zij in staat zijn, en hebben verschillende niveaus van vertrouwen over waartoe zij in staat zijn. Het management moet ontdekken welke middelen, opleiding, of supervisie de werknemers nodig hebben.

3. Instrumentaliteit. De perceptie van werknemers of zij echt zullen ontvangen wat zij willen, zelfs als het door een manager is beloofd. Het management moet ervoor zorgen dat de beloften van beloningen worden vervuld en dat de werknemers zich daarvan bewust zijn.

Vroom stelt voor dat de overtuigingen van een werknemer over Verwachting, Instrumentaliteit, en Valentie psychologisch op elkaar inwerken. Op deze wijze creëren zij een motiverende kracht, welke de werknemer op een bepaalde manier zal doen handelen, zodanig dat de handelingen plezier geeft en pijn vermijdt. Deze kracht kan via een formule worden "berekend":

De Verwachtingstheorie formule

Motivatie = Valentie x Verwachting (Instrumentaliteit).

Deze formule kan worden gebruikt om op dingen te wijzen en deze te voorspellen, zoals: werktevredenheid, beroepskeuze, de waarschijnlijkheid van het blijven in een baan, en de inspanning die men op het werk zou kunnen besteden.

Forum Forumdiscussies over de Verwachtingstheorie. Hard Werken voor een Salarisverhoging? Een consequentie die niet over het hoofd moet worden gezien van de formule M = V * E * I is, dat zelfs als maar één van de 3 elementen nul is, de resulterende motivatiekracht ook nul zal zijn. Dus al... 5   🔥 Theory of Needs van Maslow versus Vroom's Verwachtingstheorie In tegenstelling tot de Theory of Needs van Maslow, gaat Vroom's Verwachtingstheorie (VT) er NIET a priori vanuit dat bepaalde behoeften aanwezig zijn in een bepaalde rangorde. In de VT, worden / zijn... 3   Misunderstandings About Motivation Motivating employees is found to be hard by many people. The reason for that could well be that motivation is misunderstood. So I would like to put across and discuss all misconceptions around motivat... 21   15 reacties Is your Job Meaningful? Finding a purpose in your job is important for millennials and in fact for everybody. Nevertheless, many people have a job that they don't regard as meaningful. Therefore, they are not completely sat... 20   17 reacties How to Deal with Demotivated Employees: Learned Helplessness It is easy to understand the principle of "Learned Helplessness" (LH) by imagining an elephant trainer who trains a baby elephant. The training commences by initially tying a baby elephant's leg to a ... 19   14 reacties What Precisely is Expectancy? Definition According to Vroom, Expectancy is the 'momentary belief concerning the likelihood that a particular act will be followed by a particular outcome'. It can range from zero (belief that the outcome will... 15   2 reacties Expectancy Theory versus Human Needs? There are many different ways to reach goals, but I believe that the NEEDS have more weight than the EXPECTANCY. So what about Maslow thinking of human behavior?... 13   6 reacties Effort Leads to Performance, But Only to a Certain Extent This is true in most cases, the more you put in the more you get out. But there are times when this is not the case. If you put in all of your effort you do perform better, but it is hard to see how ... 12   What Precisely is Valence? Definition of Valence Hi, for me it's hard to understand "valence"? It's not in my English dictionary. Can you give me some help?... 8   2 reacties Human Motivation Lies Within A human can never be motivated. You can just push a bit and show a way. A person always needs to be self-motivated to perform best and be successful. We as a company in HR spend a lot of effort on ... 8   4 reacties Problems with Expectancy Theory. Disadvantages Two major issues with Expectancy Theory is that it breaks down if employees do not believe in their capability or in the reward. Other leadership, motivation skills and theories are needed first in s... 6   2 reacties Motivation Should be a Two-way Process I think the motivation process between the manager and the employees is exchangeable, i.e., bosses can and should motivate their subordinates in various ways, but at the same time the subordinates can... 6   1 reacties Measuring Motivation:The PIAV Assessment When it comes to looking at the individual there is no substitute (personal bias here) for the Personal Interests, Attitudes and Values (PIAV) assessment. It is a validated tool (based on the work of... 6   The Importance of the Goals in Motivating Workers I believe that success in motivating employees is well explained in McGregor's example in which, to the question: "What are you doing?", three stone masons working on a construction site answer differ... 5   1 reacties Identify your Passion for Success In my opinion, success comes from loving what you do. Is your current work your passion? When you study highly successful people, you understand that they have at least one thing in common, they like... 5   2 reacties Begin een nieuw onderwerp over de Verwachtingstheorie Meld u gratis aan

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Best Practices De best beoordeelde onderwerpen over de Verwachtingstheorie. Hier vindt u de meest waardevolle ideeën en praktische suggesties. 🥇 How can you Motivate Knowledge Workers? In the current 'knowledge era', the question what motivates knowledge workers, and, being a manager, how you should motivate and manage them is important. In their article "The Progress of Small Win... 62   37 reacties 🥈 What Motivates Employees? The Answer Depends (Partly) on their Generation The age of retirement has been moved to 60, 65, 70 years and beyond. Where each generation used to pass the baton; there is no baton being passed anymore. We can now find multiple generations (up to ... 50   50 reacties 🥉 All 3 Elements in Expectancy Theory are Mandatory Will your employee work hard for a raise? Of course management science is not mathematics. But a consequence that should not be overlooked of Vroom's formula M = V * E * I is that even if only one of... 44   3 reacties Why People Want to Become Leaders? Motivations to Lead Leadership roles in an organization are obviously pivotal to the successful and smooth functioning of the organization in terms of both tactical (day-to-day) issues and strategic (long-term) perspecti... 26   20 reacties Motivation in Non-Profit Organizations I'm having difficulties finding a theory to help me research motivation, and the importance of it, in a non-profit organization. Could someone please give me some advice for the best possible theory? ... 21   6 reacties Controlling the Minds of Employees I think there can be several way to achieve goals, however what's more important is to have control over the mind of the team members. And that's up to the managers how they carry their team.... 17   6 reacties Extended Version of the Expectancy Theory (Lambright) Lambright (2010) addresses an important weakness of the expectancy theory: it makes no distinction between certainty and uncertainty conditions. Indeed, the expectancy theory does not take into accoun... 15   Motivating an Employee by Valence According to Vroom, Valence refers to a preference for one outcome over another. It can be positive, neutral or negative. For example, if an employee strongly desires a promotion, and believes that a... 14   3 reacties Motivation is Owned by the Individual Motivation is a slippery slope. I believe Wlodkowski who says: one cannot directly motivate another since motivation is owned by the individual; it comes from within us. It's the same as telling one t... 6   5 reacties

Expert Tips Geavanceerde inzichten over de Expectancy Theory (Engels). Hier vindt u professionele adviezen van deskundigen. Consultancy-tips Onderwijstips Praktische implementatietips 4 Steps to Motivate your Employees... Using Expectancy Theory in your Department / Group As a manager, you can motivate your employees applying Expectancy Theory. Take these 4 steps: 1. Find out what each ind... It's All About Perceptions! Implementing Expectancy Theory Note that what matters in expectancy theory are the perceptions of the person who is to be motivated, not the rea... Expectancy can be Unexpected! On Experts and Surprises Be careful with assuming what the expectancy of a person (employee) is going to be: Zakary Tormala did research on how ... Relationships in Expectancy Theory Understanding / Teaching Expectancy Theory The Expectancy theory focuses on three relationships: 1. Effort<>Performance relationship. The probability perceived b... The Effort -> Performance Relationship Coaching, mentoring As mentioned in the summary, one of the expectations of Vroom’s theory is the positive relationship between effort and p... Reasons Why People are Doing Voluntary Work Expectancy Theory, Corporate Social Responsibility, Stakeholder Perspective, Volunteers Voluntary work has long been seen as an activity performed mainly by unemployed individuals –mostly women, both in their... Family-Work Conflicts (FWC) and Daily Job Performance Family-work conflicts, Coaching, Mentoring, Job Performance FAMILY ROLES and WORK are two factors influencing each other: - Work can interfere with family roles; this is called a W... Differences in Organizational Commitment Between Paid Workers and Volunteers Organizational Commitment, Employee Motivation, Non-profit Organizations Paid and unpaid workers in hybrid organizations Although financial considerations are an important reason to work for a...

Informatiebronnen Diverse informatiebronnen betreffende de Verwachtingstheorie. Hier vindt u powerpoints, video's, nieuws etc. om te gebruiken in uw eigen lezingen en workshops. Human Motivation Employee Motivation Comprehesive presentation on Human / Employee Motivation. Topics: 1. What is motivation? 2. How do needs motivate peo... Overview of Content and Process Motivation Theories Motivation, Needs, Incentives, Goal Setting, Behavior Overview presentation of the major content motivation theories (Hierarchy of Needs; Acquired Needs theory; Two-Factor Th... External and Internal Motivation Motivation Presentation about motivation, from a psychological perspective. The presentation includes the following sections: 1. P... Reasons and Secrets of Employee Retention Employee Retention, Attrition This presentation is about Employee Retention and includes the following sections: 1. Introduction 2. Reasons for Empl... Intrinsic Motivation versus Extrensic Motivation Initial Understanding of Motivator Types and Consequences How can I do a better job of motivating a team? Dan Pink and Dan Ariely make a distinction between extrinsic motivators... Attitude, Motivation and Persuasion Persuasion Theory, Managing Behavior This presentation by S.J. Grant is about attitudes, motivation and how affects persuasion. The following sections are in... Voluntary Activities of Employees | Employee Volunteerism Employee Motivation, Employee Volunteerism, Employee Commitment, Shared Value, CSR, Corporate Reputation Presentation about employee volunteerism, including the following sections: 1. What is employee volunteerism 2. Employ... Work-Family Conflicts and Work-Life Policies Performance Management, Work-Life Balance, HR, Programs This presentation is about Work-Family Conflicts and Employee Performance. The presentation includes the following secti... Introduction and Summary of the Expectancy Theory of Motivation Initial Understanding of the Expectancy Theory, Trainings, Workshops Inspiring explanation of Victor Vroom's Expectancy Theory using examples from the world of basketball and the meaning. E... Forecasting motivation Calculating motivation Some interesting formulas to calculate both negative and positive motivation.... Expectancy Theory Diagram Employee Motivation Download and edit this 12manage PowerPoint graphic for limited personal, educational and business use. Republishing in ... Performance Measurement, Expectancy and Agency Theory Performance Measurement Theoretical analyses of (optimal) performance measures are typically performed within the realm of the linear agency mod...

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Vergelijk met de Verwachtingstheorie over motivatie:   Pyramide van Maslow  |  Dienend Leiderschap  |  Behoeftentheorie (Theory of Needs)  |  Hawthorne Effect  |  Concurrerende Waardenraamwerk  |  Attributietheorie  |  Framen (Inkaderen)  |  Motivatie-Hygiëne Theorie Hertzberg   |  Theorie X Theorie Y  |  Managementraster  |  ERG Theorie  |  Leiderschapcontinuum  |  Path-Goal Theorie  |  Leiderschapsstijlen  |  Situationeel Leiderschap  |  EPIC ADVISERS  |  Coachen  |  Mentoring

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