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Enterprise Architecture | Zachman Framework

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Summary

In 1987, John Zachman, wrote: "To keep the business from disintegrating, the concept of an information systems architecture is becoming less of an option and more of a necessity." From that moment on, the Enterprise Architecture Framework of Zachman evolved. It became the model around which many major organizations are viewing and communicating their enterprise information infrastructure. It provides a blueprint, or architecture, for the organization's current and future information infrastructure.


The Zachman Enterprise Architecture at that time presented a new model for viewing and communicating information infrastructures.
Instead of looking at the process as a series of steps, he organized it around the points of view (perspectives) taken by the various players.


Players in the Enterprise Architecture framework

  1. Someone who has undertaken to do business in a particular industry.
  2. Business people who run the organization.
  3. Systems analyst who wants to represent the business in a disciplined form.
  4. Designer, who applies specific technologies to solve the problems of the business.
  5. Builder of the system.
  6. System itself.

The perspectives or points of view are represented as rows in the matrix (see figure below).
Zachman acknowledged that each of the participants was looking at the same categories of information, represented in the columns in the framework.


Information Categories in the Enterprise Architecture framework

  • The data manipulated by an organization (what).
  • Its functions and processes (how).
  • Locations where business is conducted (where).
  • Events that trigger business activities (when).
  • People and organizations involved (who).
  • Motivations and constraints which determine how the business behaves (why).

Enterprise Architecture (Zachman Framework) Terminology

  • An "Enterprise" is a business association consisting of a recognized set of interacting business functions. It is capable to operate as an independent, standalone entity. With this definition, there can be enterprises within enterprises. For instance, a business unit within the overall corporate entity may be considered an enterprise as long as it could be operated independently. The enterprise can also be seen as an "Extended Enterprise", meaning that the scope of the impact of an enterprise architecture effort could also include inter-relationships with external entities. Such as: suppliers, business partners, and customers.
  • "Architecture" provides the underlying framework. This defines and describes the platform required by the enterprise so that it can attain its objectives and achieve its business vision. It can be defined as: the set of principles, guidelines, policies, models, standards, and processes that, aligned with business strategy and information requirements, that is guiding the selection, creation and implementation of solutions that are aligned with future business direction.
 

Data (What)

Function (How)

Network (Where)

People (Who)

Time (When)

Motivation (Why)

Objectives / Scope

List of things important to the enterprise

List of processes the enterprise performs

List of locations where the enterprise operates

List of organizational units

List of business events / cycles

List of business goals / strategies

Model of the Business

Entity relationship diagram (including m:m, n-ary, attributed relationships)

Business process model (physical data flow diagram)

Logistics network (nodes and links)

Organization chart, with roles; skill sets; secure issues.

Business master schedule

Business plan

Model of the Information System

Data model (converged entities, fully normalized)

Essential Data flow diagram; application architecture

Distributed system architecture

Human interface architecture (roles, data, access)

Dependency diagram, entity life history (process structure)

Business rule model

Technology Model

Data architecture (tables and columns); map to legacy data

System design: structure chart, pseudo-code

System architecture (hardware, software types)

User interface (how the system will behave); security design

"Control flow" diagram (control structure)

Business rule design

Detailed Representation

Data design (denormalized), physical storage design

Detailed Program Design

Network architecture

Screens, security architecture (who can see what?)

Timing definitions

Rule specification in program logic

Function System

Converted data

Executable programs

Communications facilities

Trained people

Business events

Enforced rules


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Enterprise Architecture (Zachman Framework) Special Interest Group.


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Forum

Forum discussions about Enterprise Architecture (Zachman Framework).


topic Enterprise Architecture Implementation Methods
I have been trying to understand various methods to develop/streamline the EA for an organization and realized that the Zachman framework is useful in identifying key entities/areas and outcomes. What...
Rating22
 
Comments7 comments
topic Output of Enterprise Architecture. Benefits
Dear all, what is the output of EA for my organization? And what are the real benefits that we will gain? Thanks, Ayid...
Rating9
 
Comments3 comments
🔥 Business Architecture
Looking for any articles on Business Architecture here. I could find Enterprise Architecture but not Business Architecture specifically. Any pointers please....
Rating4
 
Comments2 comments

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Subject

Enterprise Architecture (EA) : Philosophy, Practice, Capability or Instantiation

4 Levels of Using EA
The concept of EA focuses at the core on how we engineer our enterprise. And within this context a number of possible wa...
Subject

The Rules of Enterprise Architecture

Applying the EA Framework, Enterprise Architecture Implementation Tips
Sowa and Zachman described following basic rules as a prerequisite for understanding and applying the Enterprise Archite...
Information Sources

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Article

An Overview of Enterprise Architecture Framework Deliverables

Frameworks Overview
A number of enterprise architecture frameworks do exist. In this paper Frank Goethals differentiates between two classes...
Presentation

EA Overview. Definition and Strategic Benefits

Enterprise Architecture, Strategic Alignment, Strategic Agility
This presentation provides an overview of the concept of Enterprise Architecture, and clarifies the concept with a case ...
Article

Enterprise Architecture: Driving Business Benefits from IT

IT infrastructure
Enterprise architecture is the organizing logic for business processes and IT infrastructure, reflecting the integration...
Presentation

Enterprise Architecture: Unification of Information Technology and Business

Enterprise Architecture
Interesting presentation on the Enterprise Architecture Framework in IT. Sections: 1. Contents 2. History of Enterpris...
Presentation

Ethical Issues of IT, Information Systems and the Internet

Ethics, Information Technology, Information Age, Moral Dimensions, Privay, Opt-in, Opt-out, Data Protection, Cookies
This presentation discusses ethical issues with regard to information systems and technologies. The presentation include...
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Enterprise Architecture Applied to Social Networks

Enterprise Architecture, Social Networks, Social Network Analysis
This presentation is about enterprise architecture and how it is applied in social networks. The presentation includes t...
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Project Management of Information Technology Projects

Project Management, Information Technology, Three Sphere Model
This presentation provides information about project management, thereby especially focusing on a context of information...
Presentation

Information Management as Enabler of Transparency and Public trust

Corporate Transparency, Information Management, Public Trust
This presentation is about how Information Management (IM) contributes to transparency and includes the following sectio...
Presentation

How Information Systems Support Organizations

Information Technology, Information Architecture, Types of Information Systems, Managing IT
This presentation is about Information systems and Information technology in organizations. The presentation includes th...
Presentation

Change Management in an Information Technology / IT Context

Change Management, Information Systems Planning, Information Systems Architecture, Information Systems Implementation
This presentation provides information about the planning and implementation of change, focusing on a context of informa...
Presentation

A Methodology to Build Systems in Dynamic, Complex Innovation Environments

Knowledge Management, Innovation Management
This presentation is about building sustainable systems in today’s dynamic environment. The presentation includes the fo...
Presentation

Information Systems in Today's Organizations

Information Technology, Objectives, Information Systems, Management Information
Presentation about Information Systems in the world of today. The presentation includes the following sections: 1. Role...

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Compare with the Zachman's Enterprise Architecture Framework: Business Intelligence  |  Performance Management  |  Balanced Scorecard  |  Activity Based Costing  |  Modeling


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