Theory Z of Ouchi

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Theory Z of Ouchi

As the summary of Theory X and Y says, William Ouchi came up in 1981 with a variant that combined American and Japanese management practices together to form Theory Z, having the following characteristics:
- Long-term employment
- Collective decision-making
- Individual responsibility
- Slow evaluation & promotion
- Implicit, informal control with explicit, formalized measures
- Moderately specialized career paths
- A holistic concern for the employee, including family.
Spiral Dynamics & Personal & Corporate Values Journey research indicates that Z would be a 'yellow' - a systems type person - who works for the 'big picture'. A rare ( < 5% ), but growing demographic, as the world's cultures advance in their thinking & behaviour.

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		0 Gopakumar.V, India
	Theory Z Theory Z can be rather related to the growth stage developement process, wherein on atainment of a particular age, one does not wish to take risk in life, looks for long term peace and enjoys lighter side of the event rather than involving in depth and consuming problems. A higher side inclination to Theory X and intrinsic value formation attachment to Th.Y to some extent. But the energetic involvement during the initial ages into explorative mood could be attributed to intrinsic motivation tending to Th.Y pattern and on the other hand at higher age level, leaving aside tougher things and enjoying lighter things can be an inclination to Th.X. So this Z Theory, is nothing but an integrated approach to Th X and Y if we account based on aging fator. This supports my research on 4359 persons of varying ages in Indian conditions.

		0 Nolana, USA
	Theory Z Interesting points about theory Z and stages of growth and aging. However, I would consider myself of this persuasion, but I am not even 40 yeras of age. What median age does the tyipcal person switch to theory Z thinking? I feel I have thought this way about working since I began doing chores as a child. Perhaps ideals about work are influenced by character traits as well as other factors. I would like to read your research; it sounds interesting.

		6 UCHENNA NJOKU, United States
	Growing from Theory X to Z to Y - Theory X naturally comes to play at the inception of almost every business undertaking. - In the growing stage of a business, when management realises its strong hands (competent employees), the value of utilizing/ retaining them and the forces behind them, the application of Theory Z comes in. - At the peak of achievement, management applies Theory Y. Theory Y doesn't just happen. Effectiveness (competency) breeds trust and trust breeds freedom. For a business to practise theory Y, it must have exceeded the primary stages of theory X and is operating at a high level of expertise and professionalism.

		1 Clarice Bugo Student (MBA), Kenya
	Growing from Theory X to Z to Y Theory X naturally displays itself in employees who work in an environment that lack motivation. I agree that at inception of any enterprise, Theory X is definitely at work. However, as the organization grows, success in the enterprise only occurs as the management puts in practice Theory Z. Through Theory Z, it'll be easier to come up with Theory Y employees that will ensure sustained productivity. Otherwise, Theory Y only happens once a person has moved up the ladder of satisfying some needs to motivate him to love work naturally.

		3 SATISH PANDE Business Consultant, India
	Applying Theory Z in Practice People with enough motivation and empowerment do not need to be coerced to work. The trick is to lay down parameters and clearly define the scope of work with accountability and responsibility. It is amazing to see the innovations and fun at work. The problem is managers who are not competent are insecure and try to protect their turf.

		4 Oshun, Grace Okaima Lecturer, Nigeria
	It's Time for Theory Z Long term employment may be seen as security of tenure. Several years ago, I carried out a study in Exeter and discovered that security of tenure topped the list of what motivated workers. Another interesting part of Theory Z is concern for the family of the employer. In reality, do employers really care for the welfare of their staff? It would appear that most employers only want to use their employees maximally and dump them when they are old and tired. It is hoped that the time will come when employers will value their workers as human beings with feelings and expectations and treat them as such.

		1 Mr.Mohammad Jamal Uddin Teacher, Bangladesh
	Vitality of Theory Y Now we are living in the era of globalization. Both jobs and expertise are available. The nature of jobs are more technical and conceptual. Today industrial people demand honor, involvement and recognition. So management has no alternative then to use "Theory Y".

		1 Oshun, Grace Okaima Lecturer, Nigeria
	Theory Z and Theory Y I am well aware that the proponents of these two theories are different scholars. Theory Y leans towards the democratic leadership style. I quite agree with Mr. Mohammed on the issue of globalisation. There is so much job mobility now that one expects that employers who wish to retain good staff will have no choice but to treat them well.

		1 Mohankrishna Manager, India
	Theory (X+Y) = Theory Z As far as the Indian scenario is concerned, we find theory X in practice, but we speak about theory Y, and try to practice Theory Z. In a nut shell any organization has to have its own culture adopting the best practices of satisfying employees where trust, honesty and integrity are flourishing. Ideally in India one has to solve the equation of Theory (X+Y) = Theory Z.